Tuesday 12 February 2013

On Karma; Are we the sum of what we do and is what we do the sum of what we are?

Do you believe that people will be judged by their actions and have their existence at some point altered accordingly? It’s a strange thing to wonder. While it’s easy for people to see others acting poorly and shrug their shoulders and say “they’ll get theirs” do we really believe that? Surely even the most blessed among us would find it hard to truly state that there is some sort of cosmic balance; a ledger between good and bad, between right and wrong that at some point, or points, has to be accounted for. It becomes even more problematic when you are talking in the past tense: when they’ll get theirs becomes ‘they got theirs’.

CS Lewis has wonderfully stated that :

“[E]very time you make a choice you are turning the central part of you, the part of you that chooses, into something a little different than it was before. And taking your life as a whole, with all your innumerable choices, all your life long you are slowly turning this central thing into a heavenly creature or a hellish creature: either into a creature that is in harmony with God, and with other creatures, and with itself, or else into one that is in a state of war and hatred with God, and with its fellow creatures, and with itself. To be the one kind of creature is heaven: that is, it is joy and peace and knowledge and power. To be the other means madness, horror, idiocy, rage, impotence, and eternal loneliness. Each of us at each moment is progressing to the one state of the other.” 

But then Lewis was a very strong Christian, and the one advantage that Christian metaphysics has over karma-based metaphysics is that the judgment, while it is to happen, it hasn’t happened yet. Karma is different. The theory of karma is about it happening, will happen but also has already happened. This is a separation from the idea that we are the sum of our actions and our actions are the sum of us, although there is no logical or metaphysical separation between the two points.

The reason that this has been on my mind recently is I really don’t feel comfortable with the concept. There have been two people that I vaguely knew a long time ago that have briefly reappeared in my life in bizarre circumstances that have forced me to ponder the existential of who we are and how. Who I am and why.

Firstly, there is this person that I used to know and never had much time for; I always thought she was a total brat and skeeze basically. I found out recently that life has basically provided for her equal to what it should, or to put it more simply, she got hers. One of the things that has happened to her is she has a disabled child and my first thoughts were of the horrible view that you reap what you sow, or, instant karma’s going to get you, but do we all shine on?

Imagine my disgust in my otherwise sunny disposition that I thought, even for the briefest moment, that her having a handicapped child was in some way punishment for actions. What does that say about the child? 

More importantly, what does it say about me? But isn’t that what we think of when we say “they’ll get theirs”? Isn’t that exactly what we wish for them; a life of servitude and restricted abilities brought on seemingly by fate itself; by an object that, no matter how many times she disgraces herself and those around her, she will never be able to break those bonds. Don’t get me wrong, I am not saying the children with special needs are bad, but they are for her. The one thing that she has always run away from is accountability, and they’ll bring it in spades.

The second person that has me pondering this thought is a guy I barely knew, but used to work with many years ago. He is a druggy sinchelectual who you hope is a nice guy, because he doesn’t have much else going for him. You know the type don’t you? Passed over by friends and family, has a girlfriend and the mother of his child who treats him like crap and screws anyone and everyone she wants while he’s at home with the bub, amazingly unaware. I always quite arrogantly regarded him as someone that the modern tertiary education system has failed by not kicking out. He would make a decent bus driver or council worker, but he simply isn’t anywhere near smart enough to be in the professional arena. But the strangest thing happened: after not knowing him for about five years, he’s turned a little nasty. I guess that it was bound to happen.

I’m a big believer in the idea that a relationship of any kind, but in particular a work or business one can reach a point where there is no future between the parties. They hate each other, they mock each other and there is no use in reconciliation or compromise and there is only one thing left to do: Win...Win dirty if you can, but win...rub your opponent’s nose through so much horsepoop that you will never look back in anger or pity or anything. And they will learn from the experience too. They will learn that they are vulnerable, which is the starting point of all morality and character. I don’t believe that anyone will get to the end of their life and say “mmm the one thing I regret is going too far to ridicule that chump from XYZ”. Maybe we may. 
 If I will, it may well be about what I did to this guy’s bosses, my former supervisors. I may tell you about that at some stage in the future, but for now it’s a digression. Let’s just say they treated me poorly, they treated me like a dog, which gave me the perfect excuse to act like a jackal.

I guess it’s a long story, but the short of it is that I was happy to walk away from a life I didn’t want and make a mockery of all who made me not want that life. Then years and years later, this guy contacts me and starts trolling comments about me, most of which I couldn’t really understand. I think he was probably stoned when he was writing them. His aggression and attempt to rehash an old dispute was an attempt to set things straight in his eyes, but in reality, it did the opposite: it just proved that I was right to leave and that after all these years, they are still bamboozled by it all, putting me up on a pedestal to be contrasted or compared with, which is a worry.

Here’s the point though: he still works at the same place, filled with most of the same people, who have not progressed him at all even though they all seem to have progressed in their way. He is being used by them as a junior and lesser worker than he should. However, the lot in life that he has obtained there, for my mind at least, is greatly beyond his abilities. So there is this apparent contradiction. They are using him, but at the same time, he is getting more out of his life than he ever would be able to if they were not using him.

He is divorced from his actions by luck and ignorance, and they are divorced from their actions by some claim that they may be actually helping him up. So then is he the sum of his actions? Are the people using him accountable for doing a good thing or a bad thing? It becomes troublesome and one is tempted to just regard this as not a moral issue at all, it is amoral, it just is, it is not right or wrong.

There’s no wrong or right; no more or less right or wrong. So what is left? I wonder if so much of our understanding of the metaphysics of morality comes from a belie that there is right and there is wrong. But is this the case? How many of our actions do not have a right answer or a wrong answer?

Have you ever been on a crowded bus when a pregnant lady gets on? You get up and offer your seat don’t you dear reader (I know you do). What about a handicapped or very old person gets on? Maybe you would ask , maybe you would just stand up and offer it to them. But what about an older person who is not overtly incapable in any physical way? Offering them a seat can, and has in the past with me, been a type of insult. “you’re old and need special attention cause you are not fully capable, sit down before you die” Have you ever seen a gaggle of older ladies on a bus concern themselves as a young and fit mother with a pram enters. Should they give up the elderly, handicapped and pram seats? Does a pram beat age? Does rock beat paper?

I was driving along a freeway some time back when a car beside me and to my right put his indicator on. I slowed down a little to let him into the lane ahead of me. I wasn’t in a rush and certainly don’t drive in a proud or silly way. At least I don’t think I do. He gives me a slight wave, which I can’t help but judge as being too casual. I was a great deal nicer than this half-hearted wave from him would have you believe. I pondered what an appropriate wave would have been and can’t come up with an answer. An over-the-top wave would have been treated as mocking or sceptically, an underwhelmed wave would have been considered (as it was) as showing a clear lack of understanding of how nice I am. I don’t really know if there is an appropriate wave.

Then about two minutes later, the same thing happens to the car that I let in: a car to his right and slightly ahead puts her indicator on. What does he do? He speeds up.

I couldn’t believe it. The inhumanity of it, is he doing the wrong thing? Technically he is not breaking the law, but he is being totally rude. It occurs to be that I am judging him by a standard that I live up to (niceness), which he has recently and directly profited from, but he never consented to this standard, so who am I to judge him according to my own standards?

The one thing that unites us all as humans is that we all believe we are above average drivers.

This post’s lame Joke

A man was driving to work when his wife called.

“Be careful today sweetie, I just heard there was an idiot driving the wrong way up the freeway.” his wife says.

“One idiot,” replies the man, “there are hundreds of them.”

This post’s inappropriate over share: 

One of the main things they never tell you in parenting brochures, fathering brochures in particular is how to deal with kids needing something in that time just before you normally get up, when you’re already up. I find myself unable to hide or do anything at that time due to the nature of the male body at that time of the morning. This is partly due to a change in things lately as I’ve discovered that apparently having sex with a full bladder is really bad for men which was usually the solution to this problem. I guess I may have to start getting up a little earlier, or later, whichever way you look at it.

Monday 4 February 2013

On Parenting, Moral development and Groundhogs


“It’s always  February 2nd, and there’s nothing I can do about it”

I re-watched one of my favourite movies of all time, Groundhog Day, on Saturday, which is befitting given that Saturday was February 2nd. I remember watching that movie in a tute/lecture about Nietzsche’s concept of the eternal return. Actually, it was a bit of a bludge for that one lesson, but the point was the same: how is it we gain truth? Do we study facts and concepts and learn stuff, or do we create ourselves as a better so that the truth, when it feels right, will consider us worthy of our knowledge of it? Is truth found in fact or beauty?  

I love the progression of Bill Murray’s character, Phil Connors through the movie. When he first realises what is happening, he seeks to abuse the situation, firstly lying to get some from Nancy, then robbing a bank, then trying and failing to get with Andy McDowell’s character, Rita. By the way, I really am not sure that Andy McDowell cuts it as that role...I mean, she is just too much of a poor man’s Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio. Anyway, I digress, he is at first vane and arrogant, picking up on little atoms of knowledge that are considerably more knowable to him given his reliving of the same day. Then he starts failing miserably, his arrogance is destroyed by a lack of being able to control and manipulate a situation with Rita. Despair sets in after a brief delusion of tolerance of the situation.

So what happens to make him able to surpass the person he was at the beginning of the film? Acceptance. At first, it was just a partial acceptance, but it’s acceptance nonetheless. He realises that he cannot save an old man from dying, no matter how much it is ‘his day’ but he accepts that. He accepts his place in the scheme of things, at first quite mildly, but then this acceptance grows. He then seeks to create himself as a better person, by learning the piano, by learning to ice-sculpt and by helping others out who are known to him to be in need due to him reliving the same day. And then it happens, he has transgressed himself and surpassed his existence by a step or two. He has embraced the concept of happiness as an end in and of itself.

Aristotle said “There is no way to happiness, happiness is the way.” Eudemon. He also thought that a virtue is something that exists at a half way point between two vices. The Buddhists have similar thoughts on both although they have a concept that a virtue is the opposite of two vices. Hating something can be the same as loving it. You are repelling the impersonal in something and holding onto the inner, or at least the perception of the inner.The opposite of love isn’t hate, it's indifference. Hatred is holding onto the unpleasant in something and dismissing the pleasant. Greed is a further opposite of hatred; it is collecting the pleasant and repelling the unpleasant. Finally indifference is the opposite of greed, which completes the spiral.

Many years ago I was completely into the concept of writing a way of morality that is based on this relationalism between virtues and vices: I may still well do this one day. I was trying to create an analytical understanding of how all this happens, mapping out virtues and vices into a broader family tree. I had this thought that there were three levels: the knowable, the perceivable and the unknowable, uber vices, of which I thought everything could be related back to on some linear plane (similar to Tractus philosophy in language). The problem was I couldn't really get myself three or four uber-vices that worked well. I played around with integrity, tolerance, temperance and a few others, but wasn't overly happy. Then one day I was watching a Russell Crowe movie and just before Crowe road off into battle he turned to his long time friend and, in a pretty gay gesture, said "Strength and honour". Bugger, that was brilliant and now I couldn't use it. 

The reason I am pondering these thoughts lately is that I have been really at war with my kids lately over getting them to be better people. Nothing out of the ordinary struggle of a parent and I have changed tactics lately and have had a lot more success. But the thought occurs to me, can you tell someone, instruct them, on how to be a moral person? Or is the role of a parent, or of a mentor to maintain the particular situation and place long enough for the person to walk through the necessary journeys through self-involvement, arrogance, deceit and despair etc so that they come to the same conclusion you did?

Lawrence Kohlberg had a similar type of thing: he thought that there were six stages of moral development that one goes through: obedience; self-interest; conformity; law and order; human rights and universal human ethics. He asked people to justify a response to a particular moral dilemma, the Heinz dilemma:

A woman was near death from a special kind of cancer. There was one drug that the doctors thought might save her. It was a form of radium that a druggist in the same town had recently discovered. The drug was expensive to make, but the druggist was charging ten times what the drug cost him to produce. He paid $200 for the radium and charged $2,000 for a small dose of the drug. The sick woman's husband, Heinz, went to everyone he knew to borrow the money, but he could only get together about $ 1,000, which is half of what it cost. He told the druggist that his wife was dying and asked him to sell it cheaper or let him pay later. But the druggist said, "No, I discovered the drug and I'm going to make money from it." So Heinz got desperate and broke into the man's store to steal the drug for his wife. Should Heinz have broken into the laboratory to steal the drug for his wife? Why or why not?[1]

Do you think that:

  •  Heinz should not steal the medicine because he would consequently be put in prison, which would mean he is a bad person.
  •  Heinz should steal the medicine because it is only worth $200, not how much the druggist wanted for it. Heinz had even offered to pay for it and was not stealing anything else.
  •  Heinz should steal the medicine because he will be much happier if he saves his wife, even if he will have to serve a prison sentence.
  •  Heinz should not steal the medicine because prison is an awful place, and he would probably experience anguish over a jail cell more than his wife's death.
  •  Heinz should steal the medicine because his wife expects it; he wants to be a good husband.
  •  Heinz should not steal the drug because stealing is bad and he is not a criminal; 
  • he tried to do everything he could without breaking the law, you cannot blame him.
  • Heinz should not steal the medicine because the law prohibits stealing, making it illegal.
  • Heinz should steal the drug for his wife but also take the prescribed punishment for the crime as well as paying the druggist what he is owed. Criminals cannot just run around without regard for the law; actions have consequences.
  • Heinz should steal the medicine because everyone has a right to choose life, regardless of the law.
  • Heinz should not steal the medicine because the scientist has a right to compensation. Even if his wife is sick, it does not make his actions right.
  • Heinz should steal the medicine, because saving a human life is a more fundamental value than the property rights of another person.
  • Heinz should not steal the medicine, because others may need the medicine just as badly, and their lives are equally significant.

My younger son has just started school this last week and he is not coping with it very well. Things will improve, but it really amazed me that his teachers didn’t immediately warm to him. They even thought he has listening and defiance issues. You have to know that he is the dreamer of the family (well, apart from yours truly). The others are very methodical, very clever in their own avenues, but he is the dreamer. He is the only one to have had an imaginary friend, who still appears every once in a while to get more lollies or treats. He is the only one who decided to come up with his own name for our new puppy Gus (Spartacus), who he calls Superdog. One really hot day when I asked the kids to turn off the tap after I had finished watering, turning it into a game to spray them and cool them down, he appeared out of nowhere with an umbrella. He’s a step or two ahead and quite a few steps to the side at any given time, kind of like me I arrogantly say to myself. 
 "Gus" or "Superdog"

So the school teachers mistook this as a defiance and listening problem. I am sure that he will have them eating out of his hands in no time, but it was such a start for me. I have never had anything but praise about my kids from school teachers. So he’s in his own world and doesn’t listen to you when you’re saying boring crap? We should all be so lucky as to have that luxury. We should not discourage people from being like that, we should champion them for their ability to resist the boring monotony that modern life reflects onto us too often.

And what if my son loses his individuality to the inflexibility of most people to be able to encourage and foster this type of life? What will that do for his moral development later on in life? Will he have to be retaught all these things that he has unlearned?

This Post’s Lame Joke.

Q: How many Analytical Philosophers does it take to change a light bulb?

A: 5

This Post’s Inappropriate over share

The problem with inappropriate over shares is that it is really difficult to come up with ones that indicate a lacking in me. As George Orwell stated, auto-biographies are only to be believed when they reveal something unpleasant and unlikeable about a character. But look at this, I’m trying to make a point here and I’m quoting Orwell for Pete’s sake. I don’t think I am very good at this. The point is, the majority of these have in the past, been too edgy and biased to do what they were supposed to. I guess I could say that I once well...no, come to think of it, I can’t say that now can I?


[1] Kohlberg, Lawrence (1981). Essays on Moral Development, Vol. I: The Philosophy of Moral Development. San Francisco, CA: Harper & Row.